History of Camera from Obscura to DSLR
Cameras are owned by millions of people in the world on these days, even every person have the cameras, either cellphones camera, pocket cameras, or even DSLRs. The development of cameras increasing
ly so fast and sophisticated. behind all af it,
The camera has its own history. History of digital cameras starting from antiquity. lets take a look to the history of cameras from Obscura camera to a DSLR camera.
OBSCURA CAMERA
Only a few of people are know, the Obscura Camera is the beginning of sophistication present in the world of photography, the camera was discovered by a Muslim named Al-Haitam often called Alhazen. Like it or not, today's world civilization has undergone many changed through the camera.
Because the camera is an important discovery that has changed the world. Through camera shots we capture the beautiful moments in the world. The camera tell to us something that we missed out. people said, an images tell us a lot than words. the camera was found by a Muslim named Al-Haitam. this one of the history that we missed, Long before Western societies find it, the basic principles of making the camera has triggered a Muslim scholar about 1,000 years ago. Foundress of the working principle of the camera is a legendary scientist Muslim named Ibn al-Haitham. At the end of the 10th century AD, al-Haitham managed to find a camera obscura.
the world has known al haitam as a pioneer in the field of optics famous through his book entitled Kitab al-Manazir (optics Book). To prove his theories in his book, the legendary physicist was then ordered Al-Bayt Al-Muzlim or better known as the camera obscura, or dark rooms.
Then Westerners are studying the book and developed an obscura camera with a few things like have been done by Joseph Kepler in 1571 - 1630 AD. Kepler improving the camera function by using a negative lens on the back of positive lens, that can magnify the projected image (the principle of which is then used in the world of modern telephoto lens).
After that, Robert Boyle (1627-1691 AD), began to make cameras that are small, cordless, its is obscura camera box in 1665 AD. After 900 years of the discovery of al-Haitham photo plates were first used permanently for capturing images produced by the obscura camera. The first permanent photograph was taken by Joseph Nicéphore Niepce in France in 1827.
DAGUERREOTYPES AND CALOTYPES
Louis Daguerre and Joseph Nicephore Niépce found the first practical photographic method, called daguerreotype, in 1836. Daguerre coated copper plate with silver, then add the iodine vapor to make it sensitive to light.
The image was produced by mercury vapor and with a strong solution of common salt
(sodium chloride). Henry Fox Talbot enhance different processes, calotype, in 1840. Both of the cameras are used slightly different from the Zahn model, with the sensitive plate or sheet of paper placed in front of the screen to record the image. Focusing on general through a sliding box.
DRY PLATE
Dry plate collodion has been around since 1855, due to the work of Désiré van Monckhoven, until a new invention of the gelatin dry plate discovered in 1871 by Richard Leach Maddox with better speed and quality. Also, for the first time, the camera can be made small enough to be hand-held, or even concealed. There is a proliferation of different designs, from single and double-lens reflex camera and a large hand-held camera.
Read to: When and Why We Need The Best Digital Cameras in 2016
KODAK AND BIRTH OF FILM
The use of photographic film pioneered by George Eastman, starting from paper manufacturing movies in 1885 before switching to celluloid in 1889. His first camera, are he called "Kodak," was first offered for sale in 1888. It is a very simple box camera with fixed-focus lens and single shutter speed, with a relatively low price.
In 1900, Eastman took mass-market photography one step further than Brownie, a camera case is simple and very inexpensive to introduce the concept of a snapshot.
COMPACT CAMERA AND CANON
Oskar Barnack, that is responsible for research and development at Leitz, decided to investigate using 35 mm film cine camera in the experiment to build a compact camera that are capable of making high-quality enlargement.
He built a prototype of his 35 mm camera (Ur-Leica) around 1913, although further development was delayed for several years due to World War I. The Leitz tested marketed between 1923 and 1924. The camera is obtaining very good response from the consumers so that competitors began to emerge, one of them is made by Japan's Canon.
In 1936, Canon 35 mm become a heavy competition, an improved version of the prototype camera canon in 1933. Japan is starting to become popular in the West after the Korean War soldiers and veterans stationed in Japan brought it back to the United States and in several other places.
TLRs, SLRs AND NIKON
The first camera with a reflex practically created by Franke & Heidecke Rolleiflex media by name of TLR in 1928. Although the single twin-lens reflex, this cameras are available for decades, with considerable popularity.
A similar revolution in SLR design began in 1933 with the introduction of Ihagee Exakta, compact SLR that used 127 film roll. in three years later this was followed by the inventor of the first western with SLR using 35mm film, they are Kine Exakta.
In 1952 Asahi Optical, is a company that later became famous by Pentax, introduced the first Japanese SLR using 35mm film, called Asahiflex. Several other Japanese camera maker also entered the SLR market in the 1950s, including Canon, Yashica and Nikon.
Nikon entered the market with the name of Nikon F, to the quality of the results of dross both portrait and make it popular. Series F along with the previous S series of surveillance cameras that make Nikon's reputation as a maker of quality professional equipment.
ANALOG CAMERAS
Analog cameras rising in 1981 on the Sony Ma
vica (Magnetic Video Camera). It is an analog camera, which recorded pixel signals continuously, as videotape machines.
The nest Electronic Analog cameras in 1986 is the Canon RC-701. Canon became the firs camera that is using to photograph the 1984 Olympics, printing the photos by Yomiuri Shinbun in the Japanese newspaper. In the United States, the first publication to use these cameras for real reportage in USA Today is for the Baseball World Series game.
But apparently analog cameras get less good of response due to several factors such as the expensive cost (up to US $ 20,000), poor image quality compared to the film, and the lack of quality affordable printers.
The first analog electronic camera marketed to consumers is Canon RC-250 snapshot in 1988. A famous analog camera produced the same year was the Nikon QV-1000C, designed as a press camera and not offered for sale to the general user, which sold only a few hundred unit. available to record in gray scale, and print quality in the same newspaper with a film camera. In its appearance seems to be similar with modern digital single-lens reflex camera. The images were stored on floppy disks video.
DIGITAL SINGLE LENS REFLEX CAMERA (DSLR)
Digital cameras are different from its predecessors mainly analog cameras, they don't use a film but capturing and storing photos on a digital memory card or internal storage. Digital cameras now includes wireless communication capabilities (eg, Wi-Fi or Bluetooth) to transfer, print, or share photos, and also found on the phone.
The first digital camera with recorded images as a computerized file is Fuji DS-1P of 1988, which was recorded to 16 MB internal memory card. This camera was never marketed in the United States, and has not been confirmed to have shipped even in Japan.
The first digital camera that actually marketed commercially sold in December 1989 in Japan is the DS-X by Fuji.
The first digital camera that is available commercially in the United States is 1,990 Dycam Model 1, it initially failed commercially because only black and white, low-resolution, and cost nearly $ 1,000 (about $ 2,000 in 2013 money). It then comes Logitech Fotoman in 1992 that uses a CCD image sensor, the images are stored digitally, and connected directly to a computer to download.
In 1991, Kodak marketed Kodak DCS-100, beginning a long line of professional Kodak DCS SLR cameras based in part on the Nikons film . This camera uses a 1.3 megapixel sensor and a price of $ 13,000.
Moving to a digital format by the JPEG and MPEG standards in 1988, which allows images and video files to be compressed for storage. The first camera to be marketed to consumers with a liquid crystal display on the back was the Casio QV-10 was developed by a team led by Hiroyuki Suetaka in 1995. and after that the digital camera was first released in the consumer market that use CompactFlash was the Kodak DC-25 in 1996.
In 1999 the beginning of the introduction of the Nikon D1, 2.74 megapixel camera are the first digital SLR developed entirely by a major manufacturer, and at a cost of under $ 6,000 at introduction affordable by professional photographers and high-end consumer. This camera also used Nikon F-mount lenses, which meant film photographers could use many lenses.
In 2010, almost all the mobile phone features a built-in high-resolution digital video cameras and many camera features built-in GPS, allowing for real-time automatic geotagging.
Read To:
Digital Camera Basic : Digital Single Lens Reflect (DSLR) Working Process
Digital Single Lens Reflex (Digital SLR or DSLR) is a digital camera that uses an automatic mirror system and pentaprism or pentamirror to transmit light from the lens to the viewfinder to.
The camera becomes the most advanced camera and today's most popular, especially for brands Nikon and Canon. This camera is also often used for photo studio for excellent picture quality with high resolution.
CELLPHONE CAMERA
Cell Phone Camera are the trend of modern technology are was one factor in the success of marketing smartphone with portraits and recording quality that varies with the lowest price offer to the most expensive.
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